Mediterranean diet and menu
Ottomans gained control of much of the sea in the 16th century and maintained naval bases in southern France, Algeria and Tunisia. The Mediterranean diet incorporates the basics of healthy eating — plus a splash of flavorful olive oil and perhaps a glass of red wine — among other components characterizing the traditional cooking style of countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Mediterranean diet: A heart-healthy eating plan The heart-healthy Mediterranean diet is a healthy eating plan based on typical foods and recipes of Mediterranean-style cooking. e. In addition to the seas, a number of gulfs and straits are also recognised. As Africa-Arabia drifted northward, it closed over the ancient Tethys Ocean which had earlier separated the two supercontinents Laurasia and Gondwana. See also: Geology and paleoclimatology of the Mediterranean Basin. Barbarossa, the famous Ottoman captain is a symbol of this domination with the victory of the Battle of Preveza. Nevertheless, while man-made geopolitical turmoil and chaos have governed the coastlines of many various Mediterranean nations throughout the courses of ancient, modern, present and foreseeable history, the Plate tectonic status of nations bordering the Mediterranean Sea will find sharing the same geological concerns and fate. Main article: List of islands in the Mediterranean. On the east: The coasts of Syria and Israel. The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Gibraltar and Spain in Europe from Morocco in Africa. The sea is bordered on the north by Europe, the east by Asia, and in the south by Africa. The typical Mediterranean climate has hot, humid, and dry summers and mild, rainy winters. Give now. The Battle of Djerba marked the apex of Ottoman naval domination in the Mediterranean. The near-completely enclosed configuration of the Mediterranean basin has enabled the oceanic gateways to dominate seawater circulation and the environmental evolution of the sea and basin. The Battle of Lepanto, 1571, ended in victory for the European Holy League against the Ottoman Turks. While these parts of a healthy diet are tried-and-true, subtle variations or differences in proportions of certain foods may make a difference in your risk of heart disease. Darius I of Persia, who conquered Ancient Egypt, built a canal linking the Mediterranean to the Red Sea. The Mediterranean Sea has historically had several names. Request an Appointment Find a Doctor Find a Job Give Now. The countries with coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea are Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Morocco, Monaco, Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey. For a more comprehensive list, see List of Mediterranean countries. Most healthy diets include fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains, and limit unhealthy fats. In addition, Gaza Strip and the British Overseas Territories of Gibraltar and Akrotiri and Dhekelia have coastlines on the sea. Several ancient civilisations were located around the Mediterranean shores, and were greatly influenced by their proximity to the sea. During Mesozoic and Cenozoic times, as the northwest corner of Africa converged on Iberia, it lifted the Betic-Rif mountain belts across southern Iberia and northwest Africa. The sea was an important route for merchants and travelers of ancient times that allowed for trade and cultural exchange between emergent peoples of the region. Diatomites are regularly found underneath the evaporite deposits, suggesting a connection between their geneses. Alexandria, one of the largest cities on the Mediterranean. Crops of the region include olives, grapes, oranges, tangerines, and cork. The development of oceanic shipping began to affect the entire Mediterranean. Satellite image of the Mediterranean Sea at night. Eating primarily plant-based foods, such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes and nuts. This was the last naval battle to be fought primarily between galleys. Deposits of evaporites accumulated earlier in the nearby Carpathian foredeep during the Middle Miocene, and the adjacent Red Sea Basin (during the Late Miocene ), and in the whole Mediterranean basin (during the MSC and the Messinian age). On the northeast: The west coast of Italy. On the west: The northeastern and eastern limits of the Western Basin. Scientists estimate that the sea was last filled about 5. The Messinian salinity crisis started about six million years ago (mya) when the Mediterranean became landlocked, and then essentially dried up. For a more comprehensive list, see List of coastal settlements of the Mediterranean Sea. Women who eat a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil and mixed nuts may have a reduced risk of breast cancer. The history of the Mediterranean region is crucial to understanding the origins and development of many modern societies. The geologic history of the Mediterranean Sea is complex. As mentioned, two other gateways preceded Gibraltar: the Betic Corridor across southern Spain and the Rifian Corridor across northern Morocco. The Roman Empire at its farthest extent in AD 117. The Acropolis of Athens with the Mediterranean Sea in the background. On the southeast: The entrance to the Suez Canal. View of the Saint George Bay, and snow-capped Mount Sannine from the Corniche, Beirut. Because it is a near-landlocked body of water in a normally dry climate, the Mediterranean is subject to intensive evaporation and the precipitation of evaporites.
The sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a separate body of water. Many of these smaller seas feature in local myth and folklore and derive their names from these associations. Circulation patterns are also affected by several other factors—including climate, bathymetry, and water chemistry and temperature—which are interactive and can induce precipitation of evaporites. 3 million years ago (mya) in less than two years by the Zanclean flood. As the naval prowess of the European powers increased, they confronted Ottoman expansion in the region when the Battle of Lepanto checked the power of the Ottoman Navy. For these reasons, most if not all major scientific organizations encourage healthy adults to adapt a style of eating like that of the Mediterranean diet for prevention of major chronic diseases. Mayo Clinic Health Letter Medical Products Population Health and Wellness Programs Health Plan Administration Medical Laboratory Services Continuing Education for Medical Professionals Giving to Mayo Clinic Give Now Your Impact Frequently Asked Questions Contact Us to Give Give to Mayo Clinic Help set a new world standard in care for people everywhere. Africa (left, on horizon) and Europe (right), as seen from Gibraltar. There the development of the intramontane Betic and Rif basins led to creating two roughly-parallel marine gateways between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Several other territories also border the Mediterranean Sea (from west to east): The British overseas territory of Gibraltar, the Spanish autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla and nearby islands, the Sovereign Base Areas on Cyprus, and the Gaza Strip. In fact, a meta-analysis of more than 1. Our general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide variety of health topics. Although not recognised by the IHO treaties, there are some other seas whose names have been in common use from the ancient times, or in the present. With its highly indented coastline and large number of islands, Greece has the longest Mediterranean coastline. Catania, Sicily, with Mount Etna in the background. Temporarily the east was again dominant as the Byzantine Empire formed from the eastern half of the Roman empire. the Strait of Gibraltar, originated in the early Pliocene via the Zanclean Flood. The Mediterranean basin and sea system was established by the ancient African-Arabian continent colliding with the Eurasian continent. The Mediterranean is characterised and immediately recognised by its deep blue colour. Ottoman power continued to grow, and in 1453, the Byzantine Empire was extinguished with the Conquest of Constantinople. The two biggest islands of the Mediterranean: Sicily and Sardinia ( Italy ). Due to the shared climate, geology, and access to the sea, cultures centered on the Mediterranean tended to have some extent of intertwined culture and history. The Bombardment of Algiers by the Anglo-Dutch fleet, to support the ultimatum to release European slaves, August 1816. Greek (red) and Phoenician (yellow) colonies in antiquity - Circa the 6th century BCE. After the initial drawdown and re-flooding there followed more episodes—the total number is debated—of sea drawdowns and re-floodings for the duration of the MSC. Accordingly, the Mediterranean basin consists of several stretched tectonic plates in subduction which are the foundation of the Eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. (May 2012) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ). 5 million healthy adults demonstrated that following a Mediterranean diet was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality as well as overall mortality. Bari, Catania, Genoa, Messina, Naples, Palermo, Rome, Taranto, Trieste, Venice. Various zones of subduction harbour and form the deepest and most majestic oceanic ridges, east of the Ionian Sea and south of the Aegean. The Central Indian Ridge runs East of the Mediterranean Sea South-East across the in-between of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula into the Indian Ocean. Barcelona, the largest metropolitan area on the Mediterranean Sea and also the headquarters of the Union for the Mediterranean. The western Roman empire collapsed around AD 476. At about that time in the middle Jurassic period a much smaller sea basin, dubbed the Neotethys, was formed shortly before the Tethys Ocean closed at its western (Arabian) end. Research has shown that the traditional Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of heart disease. The end of the Miocene also marked a change in the climate of the Mediterranean basin. Southern shore (from west to east): Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt. The present-day Atlantic gateway, i. On the west: A line joining the extremities of Cape Trafalgar (Spain) and Cape Spartel (Africa). The Sea of Marmara is often considered a part of the Mediterranean Sea, whereas the Black Sea is generally not. Two of the most notable Mediterranean civilisations in classical antiquity were the Greek city states and the Phoenicians, both of which extensively colonised the coastlines of the Mediterranean. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Stretching from the Strait of Gibraltar in the west to the entrances to the Dardanelles and the Suez Canal in the east, the Mediterranean Sea is bounded by the coasts of Europe, Africa and Asia, and is divided into two deep basins. Eastern shore (from north to south): Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel. Northern shore (from west to east): Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece and Turkey. Major cities (municipalities) with populations larger than 200,000 people bordering the Mediterranean Sea are. The following countries have a coastline on the Mediterranean Sea. The Adriatic Sea contains over 1200 islands and islets. The broad line of collisions pushed up a very long system of mountains from the Pyrenees in Spain to the Zagros Mountains in Iran in an episode of mountain-building tectonics known as the Alpine orogeny. Europe was reviving, however, as more organised and centralised states began to form in the later Middle Ages after the Renaissance of the 12th century. Being nearly landlocked affects conditions in the Mediterranean Sea: for instance, tides are very limited as a result of the narrow connection with the Atlantic Ocean.
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